Unravelling the functional operation of neuronal networks and linking cellular activity to
specific behavioural outcomes are among the biggest challenges in neuroscience. In this …

The organization of neural circuits that form the locomotor central pattern generator (CPG)
and provide flexor–extensor and left–right coordination of neuronal activity remains largely …

We present a modular approach for analyzing calcium imaging recordings of large neuronal
ensembles. Our goal is to simultaneously identify the locations of the neurons, demix …

The spinal cord is a fascinating structure that is responsible for coordinating movement in
vertebrates. Spinal motor neurons control muscle activity by transmitting signals from the …

The spinal cord contains neural networks that enable regionally distinct motor outputs along
the body axis. Nevertheless, it remains unclear how segment-specific motor computations …

Interactions between cervical and lumbar spinal circuits are mediated by long propriospinal
neurons (LPNs). Ablation of descending LPNs in mice disturbs left-right coordination at high …

Key points Quadrupeds express different gaits depending on speed of locomotion. Central
pattern generators (one per limb) within the spinal cord generate locomotor oscillations and …

Two-photon laser scanning microscopy of calcium dynamics using fluorescent indicators is a
widely used imaging method for large-scale recording of neural activity in vivo. Here, we …

Inhibitory neurons, which play a critical role in decision-making models, are often simplified
as a single pool of non-selective neurons lacking connection specificity. This assumption is …

When does modular control of locomotion emerge during human development? One view is
that modularity is not innate, being learnt over several months of experience. Alternatively …