Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile DNA sequences that colonize genomes and
threaten genome integrity. As a result, several mechanisms appear to have emerged during …

First described in 1843, Rumen protozoa with their striking appearance were assumed to be
important for the welfare of their host. However, despite contributing up to 50% of the bio …

Current sampling of genomic sequence data from eukaryotes is relatively poor, biased, and
inadequate to address important questions about their biology, evolution, and ecology; this …

Abstract Model organisms are widely used in research as accessible and convenient
systems to study a particular area or question in biology. Traditionally only a handful of …

Polyploid cells, which contain more than two genome copies, occur throughout nature.
Beyond well-established roles in increasing cell size/metabolic output, polyploidy can also …

Understanding the biodiversity and genetics of gut microbiomes has important implications
for host physiology and industrial enzymes, whereas most studies have been focused on …

The prevailing view of the nuclear genetic code is that it is largely frozen and unambiguous.
Flexibility in the nuclear genetic code has been demonstrated in ciliates that reassign …

It has long been recognized that cancer onset and progression represent a type of reversion
to an ancestral quasi‐unicellular phenotype. This general concept has been refined into the …

Programmed DNA rearrangements in the single-celled eukaryote Oxytricha trifallax
completely rewire its germline into a somatic nucleus during development. This elaborate …

The germline genome of the binucleated ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila undergoes
programmed chromosome breakage and massive DNA elimination to generate the somatic …