The goal of this review article is to provide a resource for longitudinal studies, using animal
models, directed at understanding and modifying the relationship between cognition and …

Neuroplasticity accounts for the ability of the brain to change in both structure and function in
consequence of life experiences. An enhanced stimulation provided by the environment is …

Since the 1950s, researchers have examined how differences in the social and asocial
environment affect learning in rats, mice, and, more recently, a variety of other species …

Drug addiction is a chronic and relapsing disorder in which repeated drug exposure
compromises brain neuroplasticity. Brain areas normally involved in learning and goal …

Addiction to drug and alcohol is regarded as a major health problem worldwide for which
available treatments show limited effectiveness. The biggest challenge remains to enhance …

Restricted repetitive behaviors (RRB) are one of two diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum
disorder and common in other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. The term …

Environmental enrichment (EE) is any positive modification of the 'standard housing'(SH)
conditions in which laboratory animals are typically held, usually involving increased …

Background Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and greater amounts of physical
activity have been associated with lower intraindividual variability (IIV) in executive function …

Background: Resilience is the ability to achieve a positive outcome when we are in the face
of adversity. It supposes an active resistance to adversity by co** mechanisms in which …

Social play behaviour is a rewarding activity that can entail risks, thus allowing young
individuals to test the limits of their capacities and to train their cognitive and emotional …