Social complexity has been one of the recent emerging topics in the study of animal and
human societies, but the concept remains both poorly defined and understood. In this paper …

In species with separate sexes, females and males often differ in their morphology,
physiology and behaviour. Such sex‐specific traits are functionally linked to variation in …

Converging lines of inquiry from across the social and biological sciences target the adult
sex ratio (ASR; the proportion of males in the adult population) as a fundamental population …

This paper traces the development of our understanding of the development of different
approaches to estimating the strength of reproductive competition and sexual selection in …

The study of sex determination and sex chromosome organization in nonmodel species has
long been technically challenging, but new sequencing methodologies now enable precise …

Males and females often exhibit different behaviours during mate acquisition, pair‐bonding
and parenting, and a convenient label to characterize these behaviours is sex role. The …

Small populations are susceptible to high genetic loads and random fluctuations in birth and
death rates. While these selective forces can adversely affect their viability, small …

The term 'sex roles' encapsulates male–female differences in mate searching, competitive
traits that increase mating/fertilization opportunities, choosiness about mates and parental …

Size differences between males and females are common across the tree of life (termed
sexual size dimorphism; SSD), and have fundamental implications for ecology, life history …

It is increasingly recognized that the relative proportion of potential mates to competitors in a
population impacts a range of sex-specific behaviours and in particular mating and …