Digital data, generated by corporate and individual users, is growing day by day due to a
vast range of digital applications. Magnetic hard disk drives (HDDs) currently fulfill the …

Materials with a coexistence of magnetic and ferroelectric order—multiferroics—provide an
efficient route for the control of magnetism by electric fields. The study of multiferroics dates …

Magnonics addresses the physical properties of spin waves and utilizes them for data
processing. Scalability down to atomic dimensions, operation in the GHz-to-THz frequency …

Multiferroic heterostructures can be synthesized by integrating monolithic ferroelectric and
magnetic materials, with interfacial coupling between electric polarization and …

While early magnetic memory designs relied on magnetization switching by locally
generated magnetic fields, key insights in condensed matter physics later suggested the …

Controlling magnetism by means of electric fields is a key issue for the future development of
low-power spintronics. Progress has been made in the electrical control of magnetic …

The observation of magnetic domains by magneto-optical microscopy, based on the Kerr
and the Faraday effect, is one of the most prominent techniques for the visualization of …

The possibility of tuning the magnetic properties of materials with voltage (converse
magnetoelectricity) or generating electric voltage with magnetic fields (direct …

The control of magnetism by electric fields is an important goal for the future development of
low-power spintronics. Various approaches have been proposed on the basis of either …

Magnetoelectric effect enables controlling magnetism with an electric field or controlling
polarization remotely with a magnetic field, without involving any driving electric currents …