Despite thousands of articles about 5-methylcytosine (m5C) residues in vertebrate DNA,
there is still controversy concerning the role of genomic m5C in normal vertebrate …

One of the most prevalent products of oxygen radical injury in DNA is 8-hydroxyguanosine.
Cells must be able to withstand damage by oxygen radicals and possess specific repair …

A mechanism by which members of the ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)–leukemia
inhibitory factor cytokine family regulate gliogenesis in the develo** mammalian central …

We have recently demonstrated that reactive glial cells can be directly reprogrammed into
functional neurons by a single neural transcription factor, NeuroD1. Here we report that a …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive and lethal cancer, accounting for the
majority of primary brain tumors in adults. GBMs are characterized by genetic alterations …

Learning and memory are two of the fundamental cognitive functions that confer us the
ability to accumulate knowledge from our experiences. Although we use these two mental …

The glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) gene is alternatively spliced to give GFAP-α, the
most abundant isoform, and seven other differentially expressed transcripts including GFAP …

Glial cells in the nervous system can produce nitric oxide in response to cytokines. This
production is mediated by the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase. Radical oxygen …

Astrogliosis has long been recognized in Parkinson's disease (PD), the most common
neurodegenerative movement disorder. However, the mechanisms of how astroglia become …

Interferon-β is a mainstay therapy of demyelinating diseases, but its effects are incomplete in
human multiple sclerosis and several of its animal models. In this study, we demonstrate …