Current transformer (CT) saturation, while a fairly common occurrence in protection systems,
is not often clearly understood by protective relay engineers. This paper forgoes the usual …

This paper presents a new approach to stabilization of generator differential protection with
use of the integral principle. An additional relay stabilization is needed especially for the …

This paper addresses electrical protection of synchronous AC generators used for
emergency or standby service, defined as supplying power to critical loads during …

This paper presents the effects of dynamic state estimation (DSE)-based instrumentation
channel error correction on protective relays. It discusses the possible mis-operations of …

DC winding resistance testing of a power transformer increases the residual flux of the
transformer. If it is not demagnetized following the testing, the transformer retains a high …

Transformers Used for Protective Relaying Purposes recommends selecting current
transformers (CTs) with identical characteristics for use in generator differential relaying …

Lightly loaded high-voltage (HV) and extra-high-voltage (EHV) transmission lines generate
reactive power that must be absorbed by the transmission system to keep the system voltage …

Differential protection of electric power delivery system equipment using a compensated
operating signal under spurious conditions is disclosed herein. Current transformers (CTs) …