Evolving from metamaterials, optical metasurfaces not only inherit their unprecedented
flexibility in tailoring light–matter interaction but also the generally fixed response …

Fizeau demonstrated in 1850 that the speed of light can be modified when it is propagating
in moving media. However, such control of the light speed has not been achieved efficiently …

Time has emerged as a new degree of freedom for metamaterials, promising new pathways
in wave control. However, electromagnetism suffers from limitations in the modulation speed …

Transistors are key elements of electronic circuits as they enable, for example, the isolation
or amplification of voltage signals. While conventional transistors are point-type (lumped …

Nonreciprocal photonic devices enable “one-way” light flows and are essential building
blocks of optical systems. Here, we investigate an alternative paradigm to break reciprocity …

A graphene sheet biased with a drift electric current offers a unique opportunity to attain
unidirectional, backscattering-immune, and subwavelength light propagation, as proposed …

Here, inspired by the operation of conventional semiconductor transistors, we introduce a
novel class of bulk materials with nonreciprocal and non-Hermitian electromagnetic …

Direct current in clean semiconductors and metals was recently shown to obey the laws of
hydrodynamics in a broad range of temperatures and sample dimensions. However, the …

We explore the unusual nonreciprocal and diffractionless properties of surface plasmon
polaritons propagating in drift-biased graphene-based metasurfaces. We show that applying …

We predict the plasmon instability associated with losses in hydrodynamic graphene with a
drift-current bias. The instability appears even in a single-layer graphene and becomes …