Omics-based technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the coding potential of
the genome. In particular, these studies revealed widespread unannotated open reading …

Genes and translated open reading frames (ORFs) that emerged de novo from previously
non-coding sequences provide species with opportunities for adaptation. When aberrantly …

To the Editor—Ribosome profiling (Ribo-seq) has extended our understanding of the
translational 'vocabulary'of the human genome, uncovering thousands of open reading …

A hallmark of high-risk childhood medulloblastoma is the dysregulation of RNA translation.
Currently, it is unknown whether medulloblastoma dysregulates the translation of putatively …

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have greatly expanded the size of the
known transcriptome. Many newly discovered transcripts are classified as long noncoding …

Traditionally, mitochondria are considered sites of energy production. However, recent
studies have suggested that mitochondria are signaling organelles that are involved in …

With technological advances, previously neglected noncanonical open reading frames
(nORFs) are drawing ever-increasing attention. However, the translation potential of …

Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder are debilitating neuropsychiatric disorders arising
from a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Novel open reading frames …

In recent years, proteogenomics and ribosome profiling studies have identified a large
number of proteins encoded by noncoding regions in the human genome. They are …

A short open reading frame (sORFs) constitutes≤ 300 bases, encoding a microprotein or
sORF-encoded protein (SEP) which comprises≤ 100 amino acids. Traditionally dismissed …