Detecting various anomalies using optical satellite data prior to strong earthquakes is key to
understanding and forecasting earthquake activities because of its recognition of thermal …

The low predictability of earthquakes and the high uncertainty associated with their forecasts
make earthquakes one of the worst natural calamities, capable of causing instant loss of life …

The continuous increasing of Earth observations benefits geosciences and seismicity study
but increases greatly the difficulties in understanding and discriminating multiple source …

Land surface temperature (LST) plays a dominant role in the surface energy budget (SEB)
and hydrological cycling. Thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing is the primary method of …

Thermal anomalies prior to large and hazardous earthquakes have been extensively
detected by thermal infrared and microwave remote sensing techniques. However, few of …

Satellite-derived land surface temperatures (LSTs) are a critical parameter in various fields.
Unfortunately, there are numerous gaps in LST products due to cloud contamination and …

Accurate knowledge of the seasonal snow distribution is vital in several domains including
ecology, water resources management, and tourism. Current spaceborne sensors provide a …

Thermal variations in surface and atmosphere observed from multiple satellites prior to
strong earthquakes have been widely reported ever since seismic thermal anomalies were …

On 6 February 2023, two massive shallow earthquakes of Mw 7.8 and Mw 7.5 occurred
successively in Turkey. Unlike earlier studies on pre-seismic anomalous signals, here we …

Pre-seismic anomalies have the potential to indicate imminent strong earthquakes in the
short to medium terms. However, an improved understanding of the statistical significance …