The current review study focuses on a statistical analysis (Meta-analysis) of the most
common methods, materials, software, and indices used by researchers over the last twenty …

Marine spatial planning and conservation need underpinning with sufficiently detailed and
accurate seabed substrate and habitat maps. Although multibeam echosounders enable us …

Many different kinds of classification have been applied to coasts in attempts to characterize
dominant features in terms of physical or biological properties, modes of evolution, or …

Coastal soft cliffs are subject to changes related to both marine and subaerial processes. It is
imperative to comprehend the processes governing cliff erosion and develop predictive …

Climate change is having an undeniable influence on coastal areas. This chapter describes
the growing threat of climate change on the Baltic Sea coastline, with an emphasis on field …

The aim of this work is to evaluate UAV photogrammetric and GNSS techniques to
investigate coastal zone morphological changes due to both natural and anthropogenic …

Few things remain static in natural systems and perhaps no better illustrated than by
changes in the level of the ocean surface with respect to the land over Quaternary …

The evaluation of error or uncertainty in shoreline change studies is an issue of prime
importance for providing an adequate framework for calculated rates of change and to allow …

This chapter gives a brief introduction to the Baltic Sea, which is a special sea in several
respects. It is one of the largest brackish‐water inland seas in the world and it has …

High alkalinity values observed in coastal seas promote the uptake of CO2 from the
atmosphere. However, the alkalinity budget of coastal areas and marginal seas is poorly …