One of the main limitations to the economic sustainability of biodiesel production remains
the high feedstock cost. Modeling and optimization are crucial steps to determine if …

In this study, microwave irradiation-assisted transesterification was used to produce Ceiba
pentandra biodiesel, which accelerates the rate of reaction and temperature within a shorter …

Esterifying high free fatty acid (FFA) oil with acid is necessary to avoid soap formation during
biodiesel production. Thus, this study evaluated the efficacies of response surface …

This study aimed at modeling and optimizing the production of fatty acid methyl esters from
esterified palm kernel oil using two heterogeneous biowaste catalysts namely calcined …

Machine Learning (ML) offers new precision technologies with intelligent algorithms and
robust computation. This technology benefits various agricultural industries, such as the …

In this study, modeling and optimization of the microwave-assisted solvent extraction
(MASE) of sandbox seed oil (SSO) were investigated. D-optimal design with two numeric …

Side orifices are used to divide and adjust flow into aeration ponds, sedimentation
reservoirs, flocculation units, and other hydraulic and environmental areas. In this study, the …

Even though the desirable fuel properties and enhanced engine characteristics of an IC
engine have led to the adoption of hybrid second generational oily feedstock (HSGOF) over …

High free fatty acids (FFA) content in oils poses challenges such as soap formation and
difficulty in the separation of by-products in direct transesterification of oil to biodiesel, which …

In this work, the effects of solid/solvent ratio (0.10–0.25 g/ml), extraction time (3–8 h), and
solvent type (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and acetone) together with their shared interactions …