Climate projections suggest–with substantial certainty–that global warming> 1.5° C will
occur by mid-century (2050). Population is also projected to increase, amplifying the …

The “biological pump” is the process by which photosynthetically-produced organic matter in
the ocean descends from the surface layer to depth by a combination of sinking particles …

Blooms of microalgal red tides and macroalgae (eg, green and golden tides caused by Ulva
and Sargassum) have caused widespread problems around China in recent years, but there …

Algae, the dominant primary producers in many aquatic ecosystems, are critical to global
biogeochemical cycling, and changes in their abundance and composition can cascade …

Temperature and nutrient supply interactively control phytoplankton growth and productivity,
yet the role of these drivers together still has not been determined experimentally over large …

Phytoplankton are at the base of aquatic food webs and of global importance for ecosystem
functioning and services. The dynamics of these photosynthetic cells are linked to annual …

Phytoplankton size structure controls the trophic organization of planktonic communities and
their ability to export biogenic materials toward the ocean's interior. Our understanding of the …

In contemporary oceans diatoms are an important group of eukaryotic phytoplankton that
typically dominate in upwelling regions and at high latitudes. They also make significant …

The partitioning of organic matter (OM) between dissolved and particulate phases is an
important factor in determining the fate of organic carbon in the ocean. Dissolved organic …

Prediction of the impact of global climate change on marine HABs is fraught with difficulties.
However, we can learn important lessons from the fossil record of dinoflagellate cysts; long …