The decline in the floating sea ice cover in the Arctic is one of the most striking
manifestations of climate change. In this review, we examine this ongoing loss of Arctic sea …

The greatest impacts of climate change on ecosystems, wildlife and humans often arise from
extreme events rather than changes in climatic means. Northern high latitudes, including the …

Climate tip** points occur when change in a part of the climate system becomes self-
perpetuating beyond a warming threshold, leading to substantial Earth system impacts …

This chapter assesses simulations of future global climate change, spanning time horizons
from the near term (2021–2040), mid-term (2041–2060), and long term (2081–2100) out to …

Tip** elements are components of the Earth system which may respond nonlinearly to
anthropogenic climate change by transitioning toward substantially different long‐term …

Arctic winter sea ice loss is most pronounced in the Barents Sea. Here we combine
observations since 1850 with climate model simulations to examine the recent record low …

Fresh water—the bloodstream of the biosphere—is at the center of the planetary drama of
the Anthropocene. Water fluxes and stores regulate the Earth's climate and are essential for …

Fundamental transitions in natural resources technologies, institutions, and management
approaches are often difficult to see in advance, or even in the midst, of actual changes …

Abstract Purpose of Review The observed substantial loss of Arctic sea ice has raised
prospects of a seasonally ice-free Arctic Ocean within the foreseeable future. In this review …

We examine the seasonal cycle of Arctic sea ice in scenarios with limited future global
warming. To do so, we analyze two sets of observational records that cover the …