Here, we briefly review the evolution of research on human decision-making over the past
few decades. We discern a trend whereby biology moves from subserving economics …

Humans and animals are capable of evaluating actions by considering their long-run future
rewards through a process described using model-based reinforcement learning (RL) …

Highlights•Social genomics addresses genetic and epigenetic mechanisms as active
elements of socio-cultural dynamics.•Acquisition of cultural patterns of behavior is influenced …

Adaptive behavior in a changing world requires flexibly adapting one's rate of learning to the
rate of environmental change. Recent studies have examined the computational …

A goal of computational psychiatry is to ground symptoms in basic mechanisms. Theory
suggests that avoidance in anxiety disorders may reflect dysregulated mental simulation, a …

At its inception, neuroeconomics promised to revolutionize economics. That promise has not
yet been realized, and neuroeconomics has seen limited penetration into mainstream …

Both testosterone and oxytocin influence an individual's accuracy in inferring another's
feelings and emotions. Fetal testosterone, and the second-to-forth digit ratio (2D: 4D) as its …

Substantial evidence implicates the nucleus accumbens in motivated performance, but very
little is known about the neurochemical underpinnings of individual differences in motivation …

The remarkable expedience of human learning is thought to be underpinned by meta-
learning, whereby slow accumulative learning processes are rapidly adjusted to the current …

To make optimal predictions in a dynamic environment, the impact of new observations on
existing beliefs—that is, the learning rate—should be guided by ongoing estimates of …