Breathing is a well-described, vital and surprisingly complex behaviour, with behavioural
and physiological outputs that are easy to directly measure. Key neural elements for …

Breathing is an essential behavior that presents a unique opportunity to understand how the
nervous system functions normally, how it balances inherent robustness with a highly …

Rett syndrome is a severe X-linked neurological disorder in which most patients have
mutations in the methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene and suffer from bioaminergic …

µ-Opioid receptors (MORs) are responsible for mediating both the analgesic and respiratory
effects of opioid drugs. By binding to MORs in brainstem regions involved in controlling …

In awake goats, 29% bilateral destruction of neurokinin-1 receptor-expressing neurons in
the pre-Bötzinger complex (pre-BötzC) area with saporin conjugated to substance P …

Rationale: In adult rats, bilateral ablation of pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) neurokinin
1–expressing (NK1R) neurons leads to a progressive and irreversible disruption in …

Our understanding of the sites and mechanisms underlying rhythmic breathing as well as
the neuromodulatory control of respiratory rhythm, pattern, and respiratory motoneuron …

ATP is released during hypoxia from the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) and activates
purinergic P2 receptors (P2Rs) at unknown loci to offset the secondary hypoxic depression …

Numerous neurotransmitters identified in the central nervous system play role in ventilatory
control. This mini-review focuses on the respiratory effects of two neurotransmitters …

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) involves failure of arousal to potentially life
threatening events, including hypoxia, during sleep. While neuronal dysfunction and …