Roughness in the earth sciences

MW Smith - Earth-Science Reviews, 2014 - Elsevier
Rough surfaces are ubiquitous in nature. Near-surface processes both encounter and create
surface roughness. Recent advances in surveying have improved the resolution, extent and …

Role of microtopography in rainfall‐runoff partitioning: An analysis using idealized geometry

SE Thompson, GG Katul… - Water Resources …, 2010 - Wiley Online Library
Microtopography, consisting of small‐scale excursions in the elevation of the land surface
on millimeter to centimeter scales, is ubiquitous on hillslopes, but its effects are rarely …

[HTML][HTML] Overland flow resistance: A review

A Nicosia, FG Carollo, C Di Stefano, V Palmeri… - Earth-Science …, 2024 - Elsevier
Shallow water flows over rough natural hillslopes contribute to interrill erosion and floods.
The friction factor, that describes the hydraulic resistance, is particularly important for …

Impacts of rainfall and inflow on rill formation and erosion processes on steep hillslopes

P Tian, X Xu, C Pan, K Hsu, T Yang - Journal of Hydrology, 2017 - Elsevier
Limited information has isolated the impacts of rainfall on rill formation and erosion on steep
hillslopes where upslope inflow simultaneously exists. Field simulation experiments were …

Overland flow resistances on varying slope gradients and partitioning on grassed slopes under simulated rainfall

C Pan, L Ma, J Wainwright… - Water Resources …, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
It is still unclear how slope steepness (S) and revegetation affect resistance (f) to overland
flow. A series of experiments on runoff hydraulics was conducted on granular surfaces (bare …

Comparison of roughness models to simulate overland flow and tracer transport experiments under simulated rainfall at plot scale

C Mügler, O Planchon, J Patin, S Weill, N Silvera… - Journal of …, 2011 - Elsevier
The Saint-Venant equations have consistently proved capable of accurately simulating
hydrographs at plot scale. However, recent works showed that even though the hydrograph …

Bridging structural and functional hydrological connectivity in dryland ecosystems

O Crompton, G Katul, DA Lapides, SE Thompson - Catena, 2023 - Elsevier
On dryland hillslopes, vegetation water availability is often subsidized by the redistribution of
rainfall runoff from bare soil (sources) to vegetation patches (sinks). In regions where rainfall …

Resistance to sheet flow induced by raindrop impact on rough surfaces

E Shen, G Liu, X **a, C Dan, F Zheng, Q Zhang… - Catena, 2023 - Elsevier
Raindrops impact can affect the flow resistance to sheet flow by interfering with flow velocity
profile. However, quantitative information regarding the flow resistance induced by raindrops …

Combined effects of rainfall and flow depth on the resistance characteristics of sheet flow on gentle slopes

E Shen, G Liu, C Dan, C Shu, R Wang, X Liu, J Zhou… - Journal of …, 2021 - Elsevier
Rainfall and sheet flow (SF) on gentle slopes always appear concurrently. However, the
combined effects of rainfall and flow depth on SF resistance are still unclear for gentle …

Effect of vegetation on the flow pathways of steep hillslopes: Overland flow plot-scale experiments and their implications

L Wang, Y Zhang, J Jia, Q Zhen, X Zhang - Catena, 2021 - Elsevier
Overland flow pathways probably play a key role in linking vegetation to its effects on runoff
generation and soil loss on the hillslope. However, there is little empirical work testing the …