Abstract Concepts of cognitive control (CC) and executive function (EF) are defined in terms
of their relationships with goal-directed behavior versus habits and controlled versus …

A polygenic score (PGS) or polygenic risk score (PRS) is an estimate of an individual's
genetic liability to a trait or disease, calculated according to their genotype profile and …

Pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) precede clinical symptoms by years,
indicating a period of cognitive resilience before the onset of dementia. Here, we report that …

Bipolar disorder is a heritable mental illness with complex etiology. We performed a genome-
wide association study of 41,917 bipolar disorder cases and 371,549 controls of European …

A diverse set of biological processes have been implicated in the pathophysiology of
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. However, there is limited understanding of …

In a recent issue of Nature, Marek et al.(2022) demonstrate that cross-sectional brain-
behavior correlations are often small and unreliable without large samples. This observation …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable and heterogeneous group of
neurodevelopmental phenotypes diagnosed in more than 1% of children. Common genetic …

Here we conducted a large-scale genetic association analysis of educational attainment in a
sample of approximately 1.1 million individuals and identify 1,271 independent genome …

Background Mendelian randomization (MR) is a powerful tool in epidemiology that can be
used to estimate the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome in the presence of …

INTRODUCTION The brain is responsible for cognition, behavior, and much of what makes
us uniquely human. The development of the brain is a highly complex process, and this …