Zircon rare earth element (REE) oxy-barometers have been widely used to calculate magma
oxygen fugacity. However, sometimes confusing results are obtained, such as extremely …

Magmas with a high oxidation state (FMQ+ 1 to+ 2), a high-water content (≥ 4 wt% H 2 O)
and a high degree of fractionation are necessary to form porphyry copper deposits (PCDs) …

The composition and origin of Earth's earliest continental crust remains enigmatic due to the
absence of Hadean (> 4 Ga) age rocks. Here we address this question by using machine …

Finding direct evidence for hydrous fluids on early Mars is of interest for understanding the
origin of water on rocky planets, surface processes, and conditions essential for habitability …

Trace elements in magmatic zircon provide a wealth of petrogenetic information about host
magmas. However, they are susceptible to alteration through post-magmatic interaction with …

Continental collision–related porphyry copper (Cu) deposits provide significant global
copper resources, but their genesis remains controversial because it is not clear whether …

Over the past few decades, the advent of sophisticated imaging and in situ measurements
as well as data deconvolution techniques have led to remarkable progress in the field of …

Apatite inclusions hosted by zircon offer a means to probe the magmatic history of granitic
rocks and better constrain the volatile budgets of crystallising granitic melts. Building on …

Detrital heavy minerals have helped address geologically complex issues such as the
nature and origin of the early terrestrial crust, the growth and evolution of the continental …

We constrain the oxygen fugacity (f O 2) of strongly peraluminous granites [SPGs; ie granites
(sensu lato) generated through the partial melting of sediments] across the Archean …