It is likely that the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy involves an interaction of
metabolic and haemodynamic factors. Relevant metabolic factors include glucose …

The kallikrein-kinin system is an endogenous metabolic cascade, triggering of which results
in the release of vasoactive kinins (bradykinin-related peptides). This complex system …

Background Although diabetic kidney disease demonstrates both familial clustering and
single nucleotide polymorphism heritability, the specific genetic factors influencing risk …

Objectives: To assess and compare the effects of candesartan or lisinopril, or both, on blood
pressure and urinary albumin excretion in patients with microalbuminuria, hypertension, and …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) occurs in all age groups, including children. Regardless of
the underlying cause, CKD is characterized by progressive scarring that ultimately affects all …

Although the increased risk of pre-mature heart disease in type 1 diabetes has been
recognized for some time, the underlying pathogenesis is still poorly understood. The most …

Objective This meta-analysis attempted to derive pooled estimates for the associations
between various cardiovascular-renal disorders and the deletion/insertion (D/I) …

DISCUSSION Dr. H ans-H enrik P arving (Professor of Medicine, Chief Physician, Steno
Diabetes Center, Copenhagen, Denmark): The clinical syndrome termed diabetic …

Diabetic nephropathy has been the cause of lot of morbidity and mortality in the diabetic
population. The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is considered to be involved in most of the …

Background Essential hypertension is a common, polygenic, complex disorder resulting
from interaction of several genes with each other and with environmental factors such as …