The plant cell wall is composed of multiple biopolymers, representing one of the most
complex structural networks in nature. Hundreds of genes are involved in building such a …

Climate change, malnutrition, and food insecurity are the inevitable challenges being faced
by the agriculture sector today. Plants are susceptible to extreme temperatures during the …

Summary cis-regulatory elements (CREs) encode the genomic blueprints of spatiotemporal
gene expression programs enabling highly specialized cell functions. Using single-cell …

Transcription factor (TF) DNA sequence preferences direct their regulatory activity, but are
currently known for only∼ 1% of eukaryotic TFs. Broadly sampling DNA-binding domain …

Background Homoeologs are defined as homologous genes resulting from allopolyploidy.
Bread wheat, Triticum aestivum, is an allohexaploid species with many homoeologs …

Chilling injury has a negative impact on the quantity and quality of crops, especially
subtropical and tropical plants. The plant cell wall is not only the main source of biomass …

The plant cell wall is an important factor for determining cell shape, function and response to
the environment. Secondary cell walls, such as those found in xylem, are composed of …

Plant cells biosynthesize primary cell walls (PCW) in all cells and produce secondary cell
walls (SCWs) in specific cell types that conduct water and/or provide mechanical support …

The plant-specific NAC (NAM, ATAF1, 2 and CUC2) proteins constitute a major transcription
factor family renowned for their roles in several developmental programs. Despite their …

Contents I. Introduction 295 II. Evolution of the Plant Vascular System 295 III. Phloem
Development & Differentiation 300 IV. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Xylem Cell …