Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) consensus algorithms are at the core of providing safety and
liveness guarantees for distributed systems that must operate in the presence of arbitrary …

The blockchain ecosystem has evolved into a multi-chain world with various blockchains
vying for use. Although each blockchain may have its own native cryptocurrency or digital …

The prosperity of blockchain has spawned numerous blockchain-based platforms with
different structures and consensus mechanisms, further increasing the attention of …

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is a new paradigm in the creation, distribution, and utilization
of financial services via the integration of blockchain technology. Our research conducts a …

This monograph provides a comprehensive analysis of the challenges and controversies
associated with blockchain technology. It identifies technical challenges such as scalability …

Along with the continuous breakthroughs and innovations in blockchain technology, various
blockchain application scenarios are emerging, such as healthcare, e‐voting, and Internet of …

Development of Agriculture 4.0 brings higher demands for managing agricultural products.
Blockchain technology can enhance the transparency, traceability, and security of the supply …

A blockchain is a data structure consisting of a list of blocks containing transactions and
maintained by a network of nodes in a decentralized manner. In permissionless blockchains …

Blockchain technology enables secure tokens transfers in digital marketplaces, and recent
advances in this field provide other desirable properties such as efficiency, privacy, and …

Cryptocurrencies have gained high popularity in recent years, with over 9000 of them,
including major ones such as Bitcoin and Ether. Each cryptocurrency is implemented on one …