The term “System of Systems”(SoS) has been used since the 1950s to describe systems that
are composed of independent constituent systems, which act jointly towards a common goal …

Abstract In their Unifying Theories of Programming (UTP), Hoare & He use the alphabetised
relational calculus to give denotational semantics to a wide variety of constructs taken from …

Power dissipation is rapidly becoming a limiting factor in high performance microprocessor
design due to ever increasing device counts and clock rates. The 21264 is a third generation …

High level specification languages like CSP use mathematical objects as abstractions to
represent systems and processes. System behaviors are described as process expressions …

Circus specifications define both data and behavioural aspects of systems using a
combination of Z and CSP constructs. Previously, a denotational semantics has been given …

We present a refinement strategy for Circus, which is the combination of Z, CSP, and the
refinement calculus in the setting of Hoare and He's unifying theories of programming. The …

ProB is a model checking tool for the B Method. In this paper we present an extension of
ProB that supports checking of specifications written in a combination of CSP and B. We …

We present a combination of the well-established formal specification languages Z and
CSP; our objective is to provide support for the specification of both data and behaviour …

This article presents a mathematical characterization of object-oriented concepts by defining
an observation-oriented semantics for a relational object-based language with a rich variety …

We discuss the initial design for CML, the first formal language specifically designed for
modelling and analysing Systems of Systems (SoSs). It is presented through the use of an …