Motor learning encompasses a wide range of phenomena, ranging from relatively low-level
mechanisms for maintaining calibration of our movements, to making high-level cognitive …

The basal ganglia and the cerebellum are considered to be distinct subcortical systems that
perform unique functional operations. The outputs of the basal ganglia and the cerebellum …

The stimulation of deep brain structures has thus far only been possible with invasive
methods. Transcranial electrical temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) is a novel …

Stroke is one of the leading causes for disability worldwide. Motor function deficits due to
stroke affect the patients' mobility, their limitation in daily life activities, their participation in …

As the proverbial creatures of habit, people tend to repeat the same behaviors in recurring
contexts. This review characterizes habits in terms of their cognitive, motivational, and …

Memory consolidation refers to the transformation over time of experience-dependent
internal representations and their neurobiological underpinnings. The process is assumed …

Classically, the basal ganglia have been considered to have a role in producing habitual
and goal-directed behaviours. In this article, we review recent evidence that expands this …

After more than a century of work concentrating on the motor functions of the basal ganglia,
new ideas have emerged, suggesting that the basal ganglia also have major functions in …

The “basal ganglia” refers to a group of subcortical nuclei responsible primarily for motor
control, as well as other roles such as motor learning, executive functions and behaviors …

Recent years have seen significant progress in our understanding of the neural substrates of
motor skill learning. Advances in neuroimaging provide new insight into functional …