Spatial hearing, and more specifically the ability to localize sounds in space, is one of the
most studied and best understood aspects of hearing. Because there is no coding of …

Barn owls are a model system for studying prey capture. These animals can catch mice by
hearing alone, but use vision whenever light conditions allow this. The silent flight, the …

Interaural time differences (ITDs) represent an important cue in sound localization and
auditory scene analysis. To assess this cue the auditory system internally delays binaural …

Having two ears enables us to localize sound sources by exploiting interaural time
differences (ITDs) in sound arrival. Principal neurons of the medial superior olive (MSO) are …

A major cue to infer sound direction is the difference in arrival time of the sound at the left
and right ears, called interaural time difference (ITD). The neural coding of ITD and its …

Computational modeling has a central role in understanding the mechanisms behind
experimental observations. This chapter describes how models of binaural processing are …

Birds and mammals exploit interaural time differences (ITDs) for sound localization.
Subsequent to ITD detection by brainstem neurons, ITD processing continues in parallel …

Interaural time differences (ITDs) are an important cue for the localization of sounds in
azimuthal space. Both birds and mammals have specialized, tonotopically organized nuclei …

Localization of sound sources relies on 2 main binaural cues: interaural time differences
(ITD) and interaural level differences. ITD computing is first carried out in tonotopically …

Animal nervous systems can detect changes in their environments within hundredths of a
second. They do so by discerning abrupt shifts in sensory neural activity. Many …