The advantages of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, including low genetic
redundancy, functional simplicity, and the ability to conduct large-scale genetic screens …

This review summarizes the brain mechanisms controlling sleep and wakefulness.
Wakefulness promoting systems cause low-voltage, fast activity in the …

Humans have been fascinated by sleep for millennia. After almost a century of scientific
interrogation, significant progress has been made in understanding the neuronal regulation …

A wide variety of biological experiments rely on the ability to express an exogenous gene in
a transgenic animal at a defined level and in a spatially and temporally controlled pattern …

Little is known about the ability of Drosophila circadian neurons to promote sleep. Here we
show, using optogenetic manipulation and video recording, that a subset of dorsal clock …

Sleep remains one of the least understood phenomena in biology—even its role in synaptic
plasticity remains debatable. Since sleep was recognized to be regulated genetically …

Circadian clocks organize behavior and physiology to adapt to daily environmental cycles.
Genetic approaches in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, have revealed widely …

A genetic screen for mutants that alter circadian rhythms in Drosophila identified the first
clock gene—the period (per) gene. The per gene is a central player within a transcriptional …

Dopaminergic neurons provide reward learning signals in mammals and insects [1–4].
Recent work in Drosophila has demonstrated that water-reinforcing dopaminergic neurons …

Vision enables both image-forming perception, driven by a contrast-based pathway, and
unconscious non-image-forming circadian photoentrainment, driven by an irradiance-based …