Tropical grassy biomes (TGBs) are globally extensive, provide critical ecosystem services,
and influence the earth–atmosphere system. Yet, globally applied biome definitions ignore …

The concept of forest degradation tends to be addressed in broad terms, and existing
definitions are difficult to apply in practice. These definitions are based on a reduction in the …

Warming trends and increasing temperature extremes have been observed across most of
the Asian region over the past century (high confidence).{24.3} Increasing numbers of warm …

Tropical rainforests store enormous amounts of carbon, the protection of which represents a
vital component of efforts to mitigate global climate change. Currently, tropical forest …

Fundamental trade-offs exist between different land uses for carbon, livelihoods, economic
development, biodiversity, agriculture and energy (especially biofuels). This article analyses …

The production, use and trade of charcoal for domestic cooking and heating are
characterized by contradictions, stereoty**, and misconceptions. Partial information, over …

The UNFCCC mechanism for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation in
develo** countries (REDD+) represents an unprecedented opportunity for the …

Millions of people are dependent on tropical forests for livelihood. However, their
dependence on meagre incomes from nontimber forest products (NTFPs) and payment for …

Asian tropical forests are amongst the most diverse on the planet, a richness that belies the
fact that they are dominated by a single family of trees, the Dipterocarpaceae. Many other …

Globally, there are increasing demands for land use changes aimed at restoring Carbon (C)
and biodiversity in degraded forest ecosystems. This study provides an integrated …