Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is common, occurring in around 10-54% of
individuals within first few weeks after surgery. Although the majority of POCD is less …

Background Postoperative delirium (POD) is the most common serious postoperative
complication in older adults. It has uncertain aetiology, limited preventative strategies, and …

General anesthesia—a pharmacologically induced reversible state of unconsciousness—
enables millions of life-saving procedures. Anesthetics induce unconsciousness in part by …

Understanding how the brain recovers from unconsciousness can inform neurobiological
theories of consciousness and guide clinical investigation. To address this question, we …

Burst-suppression electroencephalography (EEG) patterns of electrical activity,
characterized by intermittent high-power broad-spectrum oscillations alternating with …

Study objective Postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) are common complications
after surgery under general anesthesia. In our aging society the incidence of PND will …

The dynamic interplay of integration and segregation in the brain is at the core of leading
theoretical accounts of consciousness. The human brain dynamically alternates between a …

Abstract Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) is a common yet poorly understood
complication of surgery that can lead to long-term cognitive decline. The gut-brain axis, a …

Neurocognitive dysfunction following cardiac surgery can present with diverse clinical
phenotypes, which include postoperative delirium, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and …

The aim of general anesthesia is the suppression of a patient's experience and explicit
memory of the events taking place from induction through to planned emergence. 1 On a …