DNA topoisomerases, capable of manipulating DNA topology, are ubiquitous and
indispensable for cellular survival due to the numerous roles they play during DNA …

Background The processes of DNA supercoiling and transcription are interdependent
because the movement of a transcription elongation complex simultaneously induces under …

Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes organize chromosomes
ubiquitously, thereby contributing to their faithful segregation. We demonstrate that under …

Dense packaging of genomic DNA is crucial for organismal survival, as DNA length always
far exceeds the dimensions of the cells that contain it. Organisms, therefore, use …

The carboxysome is a complex, proteinaceous organelle that plays essential roles in carbon
assimilation in cyanobacteria and chemoautotrophs. It comprises hundreds of protein …

Through the formation of concentration gradients, morphogens drive graded responses to
extracellular signals, thereby fine-tuning cell behaviors in complex tissues. Here we show …

Despite their diverse biochemical characteristics and functions, all DNA-binding proteins
share the ability to accurately locate their target sites among the vast excess of non-target …

Type IIA topoisomerases catalyze a variety of different reactions: eukaryotic topoisomerase II
relaxes DNA in an ATP-dependent reaction, whereas the bacterial representatives gyrase …

DNA supercoiling is central to many fundamental processes of living organisms. Its average
level along the chromosome and over time reflects the dynamic equilibrium of opposite …

How to adapt to a changing environment is a fundamental, recurrent problem confronting
cells. One solution is for cells to organize their constituents into a limited number of spatially …