Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumors. Yet, only few controlled clinical trials
have been conducted to guide clinical decision making, resulting in variations of …

Introduction: With an annual incidence of 5/100,000, meningioma is the most frequent
primary tumor of the central nervous system. Risk factors are radiotherapy and hormone …

High-grade meningiomas are associated with neuro-cognitive morbidity and have limited
treatments. High-grade meningiomas harbor an immunosuppressive tumor …

OBJECTIVE Prior studies have investigated preoperative risk factors for meningioma;
however, no association has been shown between meningioma tumor size and tumor …

Surgery has long been established as the first-line treatment for the majority of symptomatic
and enlarging meningiomas, and evidence for its success is derived from retrospective case …

Purpose Meningiomas are the most frequently diagnosed intracranial neoplasms. Usually,
they are treated by surgical resection in curative intent. Radiotherapy and stereotactic …

Background Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) contributes to tumor immunosuppression
and is upregulated in aggressive meningiomas. We performed a phase II study of …

Abstract Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a cell surface receptor that functions as a T cell
checkpoint and plays a central role in regulating T cell collapse. The binding of PD-1 to its …

Purpose Subsets of pituitary tumors exhibit an aggressive clinical courses and recur despite
surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Because modulation of the immune response through …

Background Malignant meningiomas are fatal and lack effective therapy. As M2
macrophages are the most prevalent immune cell type in human meningiomas, we …