The ALICE experiment was proposed in 1993, to study strongly-interacting matter at extreme
energy densities and temperatures. This proposal entailed a comprehensive investigation of …

We review the present status of the search for a phase transition and critical point as well as
anomalous transport phenomena in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), with an emphasis …

Abstract This White Paper presents an overview of the current status and future perspective
of QCD research, based on the community inputs and scientific conclusions from the 2022 …

The extreme energy densities generated by ultra-relativistic collisions between heavy atomic
nuclei produce a state of matter that behaves surprisingly like a fluid, with exceptionally high …

Global polarization of Λ hyperons has been measured to be of the order of a few tenths of a
percentage in Au+ Au collisions at s NN= 200 GeV, with no significant difference between Λ …

The quark–gluon plasma (QGP) produced by collisions between ultrarelativistic heavy
nuclei is well described in the language of hydrodynamics. Noncentral collisions are …

Polarized quarks and antiquarks in high-energy heavy-ion collisions can lead to the spin
alignment of vector mesons formed by quark coalescence. Using the relativistic spin …

The first evidence of spin alignment of vector mesons (K* 0 and ϕ) in heavy-ion collisions at
the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is reported. The spin density matrix element ρ 00 is …

Global hyperon polarization, P¯ H, in Au+ Au collisions over a large range of collision
energy, s NN, was recently measured and successfully reproduced by hydrodynamic and …

We derive the collision term in the Boltzmann equation using the equation of motion for the
Wigner function of massive spin-1/2 particles. To next-to-lowest order in ℏ, it contains a …