Objective State-of-the-art activity demands a look back, a look around, and, importantly, a
look into the new millennium. The area of speech and language has been an integral part of …

Abstract Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays an increasing role in the study of speech.
This article reviews the MRI literature of anatomical imaging, imaging for acoustic modelling …

For four decades, the inability of nonhuman primates to produce human speech sounds has
been claimed to stem from limitations in their vocal tract anatomy, a conclusion based on …

Magnetic resonance imaging was used to quantify the vocal tract morphology of 129 normal
humans, aged 2–25 years. Morphometric data, including midsagittal vocal tract length …

Twenty years ago Pepperberg set out to discover whether large-brained, highly social
parrots were capable of mastering complex cognitive concepts and the rudiments of …

Purpose Voice therapy with a semi-occluded vocal tract has a long history. The use of lip
trills, tongue trills, bilabial fricatives, humming, and phonation into tubes or straws has been …

A theory of interaction between the source of sound in phonation and the vocal tract filter is
developed. The degree of interaction is controlled by the cross-sectional area of the …

FOR THE PAST 200 YEARS, virtually all attempts to account for the neural bases and the
evolution of human language have focused on the neocortex. And in the past 40 years …

Human speech involves species-specific anatomy deriving from the descent of the tongue
into the pharynx. The human tongue's shape and position yields the 1: 1 oral-to-pharyngeal …

The linear source-filter theory of speech production assumes that vocal fold vibration is
independent of the vocal tract. The justification is that the glottis often behaves as a high …