Objective In this critical review, the authors appraise neuroimaging findings in bipolar
disorder in emotion-processing, emotion-regulation, and reward-processing neural circuitry …

Creative cognition is key to human functioning yet the underlying neurobiological
mechanisms are sparsely addressed and poorly understood. Here we address the …

The ability to make predictions based on stored information is a general coding strategy. A
Prediction-Error (PE) is a mismatch between expected and current events. It was proposed …

Reinforcement learning describes motivated behavior in terms of two abstract signals. The
representation of discrepancies between expected and actual rewards/punishments …

Although many believe that creativity associates with a vulnerability to psychopathology,
research findings are inconsistent. Here we address this possible linkage between risk of …

Differentiating bipolar disorders (BD) from unipolar depression (UD) remains a major clinical
challenge. The identification of neurobiological markers may help to differentiate these …

In this article, we present and review the evidence for two major biopsychosocial theories of
the onset and course of bipolar spectrum disorders (BSDs) that integrate behavioral …

The cerebellum is one-third the size of the cerebrum yet holds twice the number of neurons.
Historically, its sole function was thought to be in the calibration of smooth movements …

Anhedonia is a hallmark feature of depression and is highly prevalent among individuals
with mood disorders. The history and neurobiology of anhedonia has been most extensively …

Bipolar disorder is characterized by impaired decision-making captured in impulsivity and
risk-taking. We sought to determine whether this is driven by a failure to effectively weight …