Understanding and quantifying the global methane (CH 4) budget is important for assessing
realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. Atmospheric emissions and concentrations of …

Arctic permafrost stores nearly 1,700 billion metric tons of frozen and thawing carbon.
Anthropogenic warming threatens to release an unknown quantity of this carbon to the …

Climate tip** points occur when change in a part of the climate system becomes self-
perpetuating beyond a warming threshold, leading to substantial Earth system impacts …

On 7 February 2021, a catastrophic mass flow descended the Ronti Gad, Rishiganga, and
Dhauliganga valleys in Chamoli, Uttarakhand, India, causing widespread devastation and …

Rapid Arctic environmental change affects the entire Earth system as thawing permafrost
ecosystems release greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Understanding how much …

Soil hydrological processes (SHP) support ecosystems, modulate the impact of climate
change on terrestrial systems and control feedback mechanisms between water, energy and …

Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from
estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic …

Abstract Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth
System Dynamics and recent peer-reviewed literature, current knowledge of the effects of …

Pristine wetlands have high potential for mitigating climate change because of their large
carbon stocks. However, whether and where wetlands will act as a greenhouse gas sink or …

Permafrost regions at high latitudes and altitudes store about half of the Earth's soil organic
carbon (SOC). These areas are also some of the most intensely affected by anthropogenic …