In this review, we attempt to integrate the empirical evidence regarding stimulus-specific
adaptation (SSA) and mismatch negativity (MMN) under a predictive coding perspective …

Perception is characterized by a reciprocal exchange of predictions and prediction error
signals between neural regions. However, the relationship between such sensory mismatch …

The fact that feed-forward and top-down propagation of sensory information use distinct
frequency bands is an appealing assumption for which evidence remains scarce. Here we …

Detecting unexpected stimuli in the environment is a critical function of the auditory system.
Responses to unexpected “deviant” sounds are enhanced compared to responses to …

The key assumption of the predictive coding framework is that internal representations are
used to generate predictions on how the sensory input will look like in the immediate future …

The formation of echoic memory traces has traditionally been inferred from the enhanced
responses to its deviations. The mismatch negativity (MMN), an auditory event-related …

Prediction is fundamental in music listening. Two types of expectations have been proposed:
schematic expectations, which arise from knowledge of tonal regularities (eg, harmony and …

Various studies have suggested that auditory deviance detection is organized in a
hierarchical manner with ascending levels of complexity. Event-related potentials (ERP) are …

Over the past decade, there has been extensive research on the mismatch negativity (MMN)
and its promise as a biomarker of illness in people with schizophrenia (SZ). Nevertheless …

A 'pattern alternation paradigm'has been previously used in human ERP recordings to
investigate the brain encoding of complex auditory regularities, but prior studies on …