Biliary complications are a common cause of morbidity following orthotopic liver
transplantation. Complications involving the biliary tree occur after 6–34% of all liver …

Liver transplantation (LT) is the only curative option for patients with acute liver failure and
end-stage liver disease. 1 Initial outcomes with LT since its inception in the 1960s were …

OBJECTIVES: Biliary casts develop in up to 18% of liver transplant recipients. Casts are
associated with morbidity, graft failure, need for retransplantation, and mortality. Proposed …

Organ transplantation has become a common and effective approach to the management of
patients with organ failure. The improvement in long‐term survival has resulted in the …

Bile duct stones and casts (BDS) after liver transplantation are associated with significant
morbidity. Risk factors for BDS formation and the efficacy of treatment in liver transplant …

Background There is no consensus regarding the most appropriate management of
asymptomatic cholelithiasis in patients awaiting renal transplantation. Cholecystectomy is …

Summary Background Data The optimal timing for gallbladder surgery in heart transplant
patients is controversial. Methods Between April 1985 and October 2000, 518 cardiac …

With advances in medical technology, including intensive care, new medications, alterations
in the composition of parenteral nutrition, and the institution of minimally invasive surgery …

Background Bile stones are associated with numerous complications in liver transplant
recipients. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been proven to …

The likelihood that a nontransplant trained surgeon will encounter a transplant recipient with
an unrelated surgical problem is ever increasing. As graft survivals for kidney transplantation …