According to recent empirical studies, reproductive senescence, the decline in reproductive
success with increasing age, seems to be nearly ubiquitous in the wild. However, a clear …

Importance Evolutionary medicine may provide insights into human physiology and
pathophysiology, including tumor biology. Objective To identify mechanisms for cancer …

Genetic tools are increasingly valuable for understanding the behaviour, evolution, and
conservation of social species. In African elephants, for instance, genetic data provide basic …

The processes leading up to species extinctions are typically characterized by prolonged
declines in population size and geographic distribution, followed by a phase in which …

Elephants have fascinated humans for millennia. Aristotle wrote of them with awe; Hannibal
used them in warfare; and John Donne called the elephant “Nature's greatest masterpiece …

To elucidate the history of living and extinct elephantids, we generated 39,763 bp of aligned
nuclear DNA sequence across 375 loci for African savanna elephant, African forest …

In long-lived social species, older individuals can provide fitness benefits to their
groupmates through the imparting of ecological knowledge. Research in this area has …

Background In communal mammals the levels of social interaction among group members
vary considerably. In recent years, biologists have realized that within-group interactions …

Factors that influence learning and the spread of behavior in wild animal populations are
important for understanding species responses to changing environments and for species …

We used data from 78 individuals at 26 microsatellite loci to infer parental and sibling
relationships within a community of fish-eating (“resident”) eastern North Pacific killer whales …