Cardiovascular diseases have become the leading cause of death worldwide. The
increasing burden of cardiovascular diseases has become a major public health problem …

Background Despite the use of modern drug-eluting stents (DES), in-stent restenosis (ISR)
may still occur in as many as 2–10% of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in certain …

Stents are lifesaving mechanical devices that re-establish essential blood flow to the
coronary circulation after significant vessel occlusion due to coronary vessel disease or …

Endovascular stenting is a safer alternative to open surgery for use in treating cerebral
arterial stenosis and significantly reduces the recurrence of ischemic stroke, but the widely …

Background In-stent restenosis (ISR), especially for neoatherosclerosis, is still a major
problem of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) even in the drug-eluting stent (DES) …

Despite significant strides to mitigate the complications of acute coronary syndrome (ACS),
this clinical entity still represents a major global health burden. It has so far been well …

Objectives As a novel imaging marker, pericoronary fat attenuation index (FAI) reflects the
local coronary inflammation which is one of the major mechanisms for in-stent restenosis …

In-stent restenosis (ISR) remains a potential complication after percutaneous coronary
intervention, even in the era of drug-eluting stents, and its treatment remains suboptimal …

Cardiovascular metal stents have shown potential in the treatment of coronary artery
disease using percutaneous coronary intervention. However, thrombosis, endothelialization …

Complete endothelialization is highly important for maintaining long-term patency and
avoiding subsequent complications in implanting cardiovascular stents. It not only refers to …