The Moon is generally depleted in volatile elements and this depletion extends to the
surface where the most abundant mineral, anorthite, features< 6 ppm H 2 O. Presumably the …

Korenaga and coworkers presented evidence to suggest that the Earth's mantle was dry and
water filled the ocean to twice its present volume 4.3 billion years ago. Carbon dioxide was …

Widespread hydration was detected on the lunar surface through observations of a
characteristic absorption feature at 3 µm by three independent spacecraft,–. Whether the …

When rubble-pile asteroid 2008 TC3 impacted Earth on 7 October 2008, the recovered rock
fragments indicated that such asteroids can contain exogenic material,. However, spacecraft …

Water ice has been detected at the lunar poles, but existing and near-future orbital datasets
do not have the capabilities to determine its horizontal and vertical distribution at meter to …

Hematite (Fe2O3) is a common oxidization product on Earth, Mars, and some asteroids.
Although oxidizing processes have been speculated to operate on the lunar surface and …

Numerous missions to the Moon have identified and documented volatile deposits
associated with permanently shadowed regions. A series of science goals for the Artemis …

Water ice, abundant in the outer solar system, is volatile in the inner solar system. On the
largest airless bodies of the inner solar system (Mercury, the Moon, Ceres), water can be an …

The Moon has experienced an intense bombardment history since its formation. Fragments
of the impactor can remain on the lunar surface,–and can provide evidence of the evolution …

Understanding the sources of lunar water is crucial for studying the history of lunar evolution,
as well as the interaction of solar wind with the Moon and other airless bodies. Recent …