Vessels and tracheids represent the most important xylem cells with respect to long distance
water transport in plants. Wood anatomical studies frequently provide several quantitative …

The secondary xylem of woody plants transports water mechanically supports the plant body
and stores resources. These three functions are interdependent giving rise to tradeoffs in …

The leaf economics spectrum (LES) provides a useful framework for examining species
strategies as shaped by their evolutionary history. However, that spectrum, as originally …

The evolution of lignified xylem allowed for the efficient transport of water under tension, but
also exposed the vascular network to the risk of gas emboli and the spread of gas between …

Plant function requires effective mechanisms to regulate water transport at a variety of
scales. Here, we develop a new theoretical framework describing plant responses to drying …

Abstract MicroRNAs are 19-to 22-nucleotide small noncoding RNAs that have been
implicated in abiotic stress responses. In this study, we found that knockdown of …

The first edition of this book was the first to provide an integrated description of sap
ascension from an anatomical and functional point of view. The second edition opens with …

For over 40 y the dominant theory of stomatal behavior has been that plants should open
stomates until the carbon gained by an infinitesimal additional opening balances the …

Variation in plant functional traits results from evolutionary and environmental drivers that
operate at a variety of different scales, which makes it a challenge to differentiate among …

Plant survival during drought requires adequate hydration in living tissues and carbohydrate
reserves for maintenance and recovery. We hypothesized that tree growth and hydraulic …