Smouldering combustion is an important and complex phenomenon that is central to a wide
range of problems (hazards) and solutions (applications). A rich history of research in the …

Protection is obligatory for the safety of people in certain occupations where they might be
exposed to hazardous chemicals. This review provides an overview of chemical protective …

Smouldering is the slow, low-temperature, flameless form of combustion of a condensed
fuel. It poses safety and environmental hazards and allows novel technological application …

In this work, the kinetic parameters governing the thermal and oxidative degradation of
flexible polyurethane foam are determined using thermogravimetric data and a genetic …

Modelling oxygen-limited and self-sustained smoldering propagation is of significance for
prevention of fire hazards and optimization of applied systems. However, two issues remain …

Smoldering is the slow, low-temperature, and flameless combustion phenomenon in porous
fuels. Smoldering is different from flaming regarding the chemical and transport processes …

Combustion in inert, catalytic and combustible porous media occurs under the influence of a
large range of geometric length scales, thermophysical and thermochemical properties, and …

Propagation of smoldering combustion and its blow-off phenomena are of practical
importance in evaluating the fire dynamics of solid fuels, but the scientific understanding is …

The poor management of human excreta in develo** countries is among the most
prominent global issues due to its negative impact on public health. This work demonstrates …

Applied smouldering systems are gaining popularity for a variety of energy conversion
applications. Radial heat loss plays a crucial role in these systems, as they cause multi …