Leafing‐out of woody plants begins the growing season in temperate forests and is one of
the most important drivers of ecosystem processes. There is substantial variation in the …

Temperate climates are defined by distinct temperature seasonality with large and often
unpredictable weather during any of the four seasons. To thrive in such climates, trees have …

Climate change, with both warmer spring temperatures and greater temperature fluctuations,
has altered phenologies, possibly leading to greater risk of spring frost damage to temperate …

Understanding how vegetation growth responds to climate change is a critical requirement
for projecting future ecosystem dynamics. Parts of North America (NA) have experienced a …

Winters and early springs are predicted to become warmer in temperate climates under
continued global warming, which in turn is expected to promote earlier plant development …

Assessing species' vulnerability to climate change is a prerequisite for develo** effective
strategies to conserve them. The last three decades have seen exponential growth in the …

The timing of spring phenology of trees reflects a trade-off between a longer growing season
and a lower risk for damage by late freezing events. Temperature is driving rates of …

Frost events during the active growth period of plants can cause extensive frost damage with
tremendous economic losses and dramatic ecological consequences. A common …

Attempts at explaining range limits of temperate tree species still rest on correlations with
climatic data that lack a physiological justification. Here, we present a synthesis of a …

Aim To assess the effect of local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity on the potential
distribution of species under future climate changes. Trees may be adapted to specific …