The writing committee consisted of acknowledged experts in the field of CMR, as well as a
liaison from the ACCF Task Force on Clinical ECDs, the oversight group for this document …

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) phase contrast imaging has undergone a wide
range of changes with the development and availability of improved calibration procedures …

BACKGROUND Helical and retrograde secondary flows have been recorded in the aorta,
but their origins and movements in relation to the arch have not been clarified. We set out to …

Through cardiac loo** during embryonic development, paths of flow through the mature
heart have direction changes and asymmetries whose topology and functional significance …

Purpose To demonstrate the feasibility of a four‐dimensional phase contrast (PC) technique
that permits spatial and temporal coverage of an entire three‐dimensional volume, to …

Magnetic resonance velocimetry (MRV) is a non-invasive technique capable of measuring
the three-component mean velocity field in complex three-dimensional geometries with …

Since the early 1960s, selective x-ray coronary angiogra-phy has provided the only means
of visualizing the coronary arterial system in vivo. However, it has several disadvantages …

A review of cardiovascular clinical and research applications of MRI phase-contrast velocity
imaging, also known as velocity map** or flow imaging. Phase-contrast basic principles …

To visualize the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) throughout the ventricles and
subarachnoid space, measure mean and maximum CSF velocities, and quantitate CSF flow …

▪ Abstract Computational models of the electrical and mechanical function of the heart are
reviewed. These models attempt to explain the integrated function of the heart in terms of …