True toads of the genus Rhinella are among the most common and diverse group of
Neotropical anurans. These toads are widely distributed throughout South America …

Species of the family Bufonidae, better known as true toads, are widespread and produce
bioactive substances in the secretions obtained from specialized skin macroglands. Some …

Anurans show a wide variety of anti-predator mechanisms, and the species of the
Neotropical clade Leiuperinae display several of them. Most species of Edalorhina …

Toad venom is a traditional Chinese medicine with high medicinal value. The existing
quality evaluation standards of toad venom have obvious limitations because of the lack of …

Amphibian skin is a complex organ with dermal glands which, according to their
morphology, are classified as acinar and alveolar (both usually known as mucous glands) …

This study investigated the morphology of Rhinella crucifer cutaneous glands, as well as the
protein/peptide profiles and bioactivities of body gland secretions (BGS) and parotoid …

If optimal investment in anti-predator defences depends on predation risk, invading new
regions (and thus, encountering different predators) may favour shifts in that investment …

The larval period in anurans is highly plastic. Even though larval period length and larval
size have been the most studied characteristics showing intraspecific variability, other …

This study aims to determine the biochemical compositions and the in vitro antitumour effect
of the parotoid gland secretions (PGS) of the Egyptian toad (Bufo regularis). The total …

The parotoid macrogland in toads of the family Bufonidae is a complex structure mainly
related to a defensive function. It presents considerable variability among species regarding …