Dietary restriction with adequate nutrition is the gold standard for delaying ageing and
extending healthspan and lifespan in diverse species, including rodents and non-human …

As a non-canonical fibroblast growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) functions as
an endocrine hormone that signals to distinct targets throughout the body. Interest in …

Low-protein diets promote metabolic health in rodents and humans, and the benefits of low-
protein diets are recapitulated by specifically reducing dietary levels of the three branched …

Background The liver is a key regulator of systemic energy homeostasis and can sense and
respond to nutrient excess and deficiency through crosstalk with multiple tissues. Regulation …

During the past 30 yr, investigating the physiology of eating behaviors has generated a truly
vast literature. This is fueled in part by a dramatic increase in obesity and its comorbidities …

Background Obesity develops due to an imbalance in energy homeostasis, wherein energy
intake exceeds energy expenditure. Accumulating evidence shows that manipulations of …

Mitokines are signaling molecules that enable communication of local mitochondrial stress
to other mitochondria in distant cells and tissues. Among those molecules are FGF21 …

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) are
established as stress-responsive cytokines that can modulate energy balance by increasing …

Dietary protein restriction is increasingly recognized as a unique approach to improve
metabolic health, and there is increasing interest in the mechanisms underlying this …

The liver controls the systemic exposure of amino acids entering via the gastro-intestinal
tract. For most amino acids except branched chain amino acids, hepatic uptake is very …