Autophagy is a core molecular pathway for the preservation of cellular and organismal
homeostasis. Pharmacological and genetic interventions impairing autophagy responses …

Abstract Structure and function are highly correlated in the vertebrate retina, a sensory tissue
that is organized into cell layers with microcircuits working in parallel and together to encode …

Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration that
results in visual field loss and irreversible blindness. A crucial element in the …

We report a quantitative analysis of the major populations of cells present in the retina of the
C57 mouse. Rod and cone photoreceptors were counted using differential interference …

The mature optic nerve cannot regenerate when injured, leaving victims of traumatic nerve
damage or diseases such as glaucoma with irreversible visual losses. Recent studies have …

Vision loss in glaucoma is caused by the dysfunction and death of retinal ganglion cells
(RGCs). The molecular pathways that damage RGCs in glaucoma are not understood, and it …

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death is the principal consequence of injury to the optic nerve.
For several decades, we have understood that the RGC death process was executed by …

Many of today's medical illnesses can be attributed directly or indirectly to problems with
apoptosis—a programmed cell-suicide mechanism. Disorders in which defective regulation …

We investigate the signaling mechanisms that induce retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon
elongation by asking whether surviving neurons extend axons by default. We show that bcl …

The programmed cell death (PCD) of develo** cells is considered an essential adaptive
process that evolved to serve diverse roles. We review the putative adaptive functions of …