Despite progress in the past decade, researchers struggle to evaluate the hypothesis that
environmental conditions compromise immunity and facilitate new disease outbreaks. In this …

In addition to soluble factors, the extracellular matrix (ECM) also plays a vital role in normal
vasculogenesis and in the pathological angiogenesis of many disease states. Here we will …

In this study, three major hemocyte types were identified in the Sydney rock oyster. They
were characterized primarily by light and electron microscopy based on the presence or …

The endostyle is the first component of the ascidian digestive tract, it is shaped like a through
and is located in the pharynx's ventral wall. This organ is divided longitudinally into nine …

The scopes related to the interplay between stem cells and the immune system are broad
and range from the basic understanding of organism's physiology and ecology to …

The colonial tunicate Botrylloides leachi can regenerate functional adults from minute
vasculature fragments, in a poorly understood phenomenon termed Whole Body …

Marine invertebrate stem cells (MISCs) represent a distinct category of pluripotent and
totipotent cells with remarkable abilities for self-renewal and differentiation into multiple …

Abstract The tunicate, Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823) present an open circulator system with
a tubular heart and blood flowing in lacunae among organs, bathing the tissues directly …

Adult stem cells (ASCs) in vertebrates and model invertebrates (eg Drosophila
melanogaster) are typically long‐lived, lineage‐restricted, clonogenic and quiescent cells …

The morphology and cytochemistry of Pinctada imbricata haemocytes were studied in vitro.
Three distinct blood cell types were identified; hyalinocytes, granulocytes, and serous cells …