Natural language is often seen as the single factor that explains the cognitive singularity of
the human species. Instead, we propose that humans possess multiple internal languages …

Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signals from quartz can be used to determine when
sedimentary archives were deposited. OSL dating uses the accumulation of energy stored in …

The behavioral origins of Homo sapiens can be traced back to the first material culture
produced by our species in Africa, the Middle Stone Age (MSA). Beyond this broad …

Topical products, widely used to manage skin conditions, have evolved from simple potions
to sophisticated delivery systems. Their development has been facilitated by advances in …

The extent and nature of symbolic behavior among Neandertals are obscure. Although
evidence for Neandertal body ornamentation has been proposed, all cave painting has …

Abstract and depictive representations produced by drawing—known from Europe, Africa
and Southeast Asia after 40,000 years ago—are a prime indicator of modern cognition and …

Previous research suggests that the complex symbolic, technological, and socioeconomic
behaviors that typify Homo sapiens had roots in the middle Pleistocene< 200,000 years ago …

An increasingly influential school of thought in cognitive science views the mind as
embodied, extended, and distributed rather than brain-bound or" all in the head." This shift in …

Transdermal patches are now widely used as cosmetic, topical and transdermal delivery
systems. These patches represent a key outcome from the growth in skin science …

This article represents a systematic effort to answer the question, What are archaeology's
most important scientific challenges? Starting with a crowd-sourced query directed broadly …