Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a common feature of neurodegenerative diseases
such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis …

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the dominant challenge in the failure of chemotherapy in
cancers. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is a lipid kinase that spreads intracellular …

Radiotherapy is one of the most common countermeasures for treating a wide range of
tumors. However, the radioresistance of cancer cells is still a major limitation for …

Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is the most lethal subtype of stroke but currently lacks
effective treatment. Microglia are among the first non-neuronal cells on the scene during the …

The cerebral ischemia injury can result in neuronal death and/or functional impairment,
which leads to further damage and dysfunction after recovery of blood supply. Cerebral …

As the major cellular component of the innate immune system in the central nervous system
(CNS) and the first line of defense whenever injury or disease occurs, microglia play a …

Microglia/macrophages are the major immune cells involved in the defence against brain
damage. Their morphology and functional changes are correlated with the release of danger …

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability
worldwide. Microglial/macrophage activation and neuroinflammation are key cellular events …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a heterogeneous disorder that involves brain damage due to
external forces. TBI is the main factor of death and morbidity in young males with a high …

During the past decade, research has revealed that the vast community of micro-organisms
that inhabit the gut—known as the gut microbiota—is intricately linked to human health and …