Indirect plant defenses: volatile organic compounds and extrafloral nectar
Indirect plant defense is an important component in regulating population dynamics and the
structure of numerous communities in different ecosystems. These defenses mainly involve …
structure of numerous communities in different ecosystems. These defenses mainly involve …
Climate seasonality drives ant–plant–herbivore interactions via plant phenology in an extrafloral nectary‐bearing plant community
Interactions between ants and plants bearing extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) are among the
most common mutualisms in Neotropical regions. Plants secrete extrafloral nectar, a …
most common mutualisms in Neotropical regions. Plants secrete extrafloral nectar, a …
[HTML][HTML] Induced plant resistance and its influence on natural enemy use of plant-derived foods
HighlightsInduced plant defenses impact the availability and quality of plant-derived foods
for natural enemies.Understanding these effects is crucial for optimizing the efficacy of …
for natural enemies.Understanding these effects is crucial for optimizing the efficacy of …
Plant species specificity of ant–plant mutualistic interactions: Differential predation of termites by Camponotus crassus on five species of extrafloral nectaries plants
There is increasing evidence that the outcomes of mutualistic interactions between ants and
plants bearing extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) are context‐dependent. In particular, the total …
plants bearing extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) are context‐dependent. In particular, the total …
Plants with extrafloral nectaries share indirect defenses and shape the local arboreal ant community
Associational resistance (AR) is a positive interaction in which a plant suffers less herbivore
damage due to its association with a protective plant. Here, we evaluated whether plants …
damage due to its association with a protective plant. Here, we evaluated whether plants …
No support for the optimal allocation to indirect plant defenses mediated by ant-hemipteran interactions
Abstract The Optimal Defense Theory (ODT) postulates that reproductive structures should
be more heavily defended because they contribute the most to a plant's fitness and have the …
be more heavily defended because they contribute the most to a plant's fitness and have the …
Temporal variation in the effect of ants on the fitness of myrmecophilic plants: seasonal effect surpasses periodic benefits
Plants provide extrafloral nectar, which is a food resource taken by ants, especially
aggressive species that may act as plant guards. To our knowledge, no study has been …
aggressive species that may act as plant guards. To our knowledge, no study has been …
Revisiting ant-plant-pollinator interactions: plant fitness depends on mutualist identity
Two species may share a mutualistic interaction if the benefits gained by the interaction
outweigh the costs incurred. In this study, we tested experimentally how the identity of ants …
outweigh the costs incurred. In this study, we tested experimentally how the identity of ants …
Biotic defenses against herbivory
Biotic defenses, often called indirect defenses, are relationships in which one organism
attracts predators of its own enemies. A classic example of biotic defense is the ant-plant …
attracts predators of its own enemies. A classic example of biotic defense is the ant-plant …
Plant species with larger extrafloral nectaries produce better quality nectar when needed and interact with the best ant partners
Few studies have explored the phenotypic plasticity of nectar production on plant
attractiveness to ants. Here, we investigate the role of extrafloral nectary (EFN) size on the …
attractiveness to ants. Here, we investigate the role of extrafloral nectary (EFN) size on the …